OLD TESTAMENT

Isaiah 14

The Holy Bible · English
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1

For the LORD will have compassion on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, and set them in their own land. The foreigner will join himself with them, and they will unite with the house of Jacob.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 1. Prolonged. Babylon was taken one hundred and seventy-two years after. Calmet.—Yet this time is counted short, compared with the monarchy, which had lasted a thousand years. Worthington.—Ground. Cyrus restored the Jews; yet all did not return at that time.—Stranger. Converts. Esther 8:17. All Idumea received circumcision under Hyrcan.

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2

The peoples will take them, and bring them to their place. The house of Israel will possess them in the LORD’s land for servants and for handmaids. They will take as captives those whose captives they were; and they shall rule over their oppressors.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 2. Place. Cyrus probably granted an escort, as Artaxerxes did. 2 Ezra 2:7.—Servants. They had purchased many slaves, (1 Ezra 2:65) as some were very rich in captivity, and were treated like other subjects.—Oppressors. Stragglers of the army of Cambyses, and so forth though this was chiefly verified under the Machabees. Jeremiah 25:14 and 30:16. Calmet.

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3

It will happen in the day that the LORD will give you rest from your sorrow, from your trouble, and from the hard service in which you were made to serve,

4

that you will take up this parable against the king of Babylon, and say, “How the oppressor has ceased! The golden city has ceased!”

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 4. Parable. Septuagint θρηνον. “Lamentation.” Bible.—Or mournful canticle.

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5

The LORD has broken the staff of the wicked, the scepter of the rulers,

6

who struck the peoples in wrath with a continual stroke, who ruled the nations in anger, with a persecution that no one restrained.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 6. Persecuted. The Jews read incorrectly, “is persecuted.”

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7

The whole earth is at rest, and is quiet. They break out in song.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 7. Earth. Subject to, or bordering upon the Assyrian empire. Under Darius the Mede, (the Cyaxares of Xenophon) and Cyrus, the people were little molested. Calmet.—The neighbouring princes (fir-trees, and so forth verse 8) were also at rest. Bible.

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8

Yes, the cypress trees rejoice with you, with the cedars of Lebanon, saying, “Since you are humbled, no lumberjack has come up against us.”

9

Sheol from beneath has moved for you to meet you at your coming. It stirs up the departed spirits for you, even all the rulers of the earth. It has raised up from their thrones all the kings of the nations.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 9. Hell is personified, deriding the Chaldee monarch, Baltassar, who perished the very night after he had profaned the sacred vessels. Daniel 5:3. He probably received only the burial of an ass. verse 11. 19. Calmet.

EXPLANATION

Sheol is the place of the dead.

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10

They all will answer and ask you, “Have you also become as weak as we are? Have you become like us?”

11

Your pomp is brought down to Sheol, with the sound of your stringed instruments. Maggots are spread out under you, and worms cover you.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Sheol is the place of the dead.

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12

How you have fallen from heaven, shining one, son of the dawn! How you are cut down to the ground, who laid the nations low!

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 12. O Lucifer. O day-star. All this, according to the letter, is spoken of the king of Babylon. It may also be applied, in a spiritual sense, to Lucifer, the prince of devils, who was created a bright angel, but fell by pride and rebellion against God. Challoner. Lu. 10:18. Calmet.—He fell by pride, as Nabuchodonosor did. Worthington.—Homer (Iliad xix.) represents the demon of discord hurled down by Jupiter to the miserable region of mortals.

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13

You said in your heart, “I will ascend into heaven! I will exalt my throne above the stars of God! I will sit on the mountain of assembly, in the far north!

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 13. North. And be adored as God in the temple of Jerusalem. Psalms 47:3. The Assyrian and Persian monarchs claimed divine honours. 4 Kennicott. 18:33. Judith 3:13.

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14

I will ascend above the heights of the clouds! I will make myself like the Most High!”

15

Yet you shall be brought down to Sheol, to the depths of the pit.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 15. Depth. Hebrew “sides,” (verse 13) or holes dug out of a cavern. Calmet.

EXPLANATION

Sheol is the place of the dead.

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16

Those who see you will stare at you. They will ponder you, saying, “Is this the man who made the earth to tremble, who shook kingdoms,

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 16. Turn. From their respective holes in the monument.

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17

who made the world like a wilderness, and overthrew its cities, who didn’t release his prisoners to their home?”

18

All the kings of the nations sleep in glory, everyone in his own house.

19

But you are cast away from your tomb like an abominable branch, clothed with the slain who are thrust through with the sword, who go down to the stones of the pit; like a dead body trodden under foot.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 19. Grave. Strangers seized the crown of Baltassar, and neglected his sepulchre: or if we explain it of Nabuchodonosor, his tomb was probably plundered, ( Calmet.) as the Persians did not spare that of Belus. In the reign of Alexander, the tombs of the kings were covered with water, and filled with serpents. Arrian. vii.

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20

You will not join them in burial, because you have destroyed your land. You have killed your people. The offspring of evildoers will not be named forever.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 20. Thy. Septuagint “my.” Thou hast been a murderer instead of a shepherd.—Ever. The children and monarchy of Nabuchodonosor presently perished. Evilmerodac and Baltassar reigned but a short time, and left no issue to inherit the throne.

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21

Prepare for slaughter of his children because of the iniquity of their fathers, that they not rise up and possess the earth, and fill the surface of the world with cities.

22

“I will rise up against them,” says the LORD of Armies, “and cut off from Babylon name and remnant, and son and son’s son,” says the LORD.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 22. Name. It shall lose all its splendour, and be mentioned only with abhorrence. 1 Peter 5:13.

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23

“I will also make it a possession for the porcupine, and pools of water. I will sweep it with the broom of destruction,” says the LORD of Armies.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 23. Besom. Reducing it to a heap of rubbish, (Calmet. 13:21. Calmet.) as the event shewed. Watson.

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24

The LORD of Armies has sworn, saying, “Surely, as I have thought, so shall it happen; and as I have purposed, so shall it stand:

25

that I will break the Assyrian in my land, and tread him under foot on my mountains. Then his yoke will leave them, and his burden leave their shoulders.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 25. Assyrian. 4 Kennicott. 19. Worthington.—Sennacherib, (Saint Jerome) Cambyses, or Holofernes. The sight of their chastisement would ben an earnest of the fall of Babylon. Calmet.—The allies of Assyria, ( Menochius.) or the enemies of God’s people, will also be punished. Calmet. 15. Bible.

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26

This is the plan that is determined for the whole earth. This is the hand that is stretched out over all the nations.

27

For the LORD of Armies has planned, and who can stop it? His hand is stretched out, and who can turn it back?”

28

This burden was in the year that King Ahaz died.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 28. Achaz. When Ezechias was just seated on the throne. The preceding and subsequent predictions were then delivered. Calmet. 13:20.

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29

Don’t rejoice, O Philistia, all of you, because the rod that struck you is broken; for out of the serpent’s root an adder will emerge, and his fruit will be a fiery flying serpent.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 29. Rod. Achaz.—Bird. Ezechias will openly attack thee. 4 Kennicott. 18:8. Calmet.—Prot. “shall be a fiery flying serpent,” ( Bible.) like that erected by Moses. Numbers 21:9. Sennacherib and Assaraddon shall lay waste Philistia. verse 31 chapter 20:1. Calmet.—Though Achaz be dead, Ezechias and Ozias will destroy more of that nation. 4 Kennicott. 18:8 and 2 Chronicles 26. Worthington.

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30

The firstborn of the poor will eat, and the needy will lie down in safety; and I will kill your root with famine, and your remnant will be killed.

31

Howl, gate! Cry, city! You are melted away, Philistia, all of you; for smoke comes out of the north, and there is no straggler in his ranks.

32

What will they answer the messengers of the nation? That the LORD has founded Zion, and in her the afflicted of his people will take refuge.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 32. Nations. Surprised that Ezechias should escape, while the power of the Philistines was overturned so easily; or when the king sent ambassadors to his allies, to announce the defeat of Sennacherib by the angel. All confessed that this was an effect of the divine protection towards Sion. Calmet.

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