OLD TESTAMENT

Ezekiel 20

The Holy Bible · English
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1

In the seventh year, in the fifth month, the tenth day of the month, some of the elders of Israel came to inquire of the LORD, and sat before me.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 1. Month: A. 3411, Aug. 27. Usher.—Ezechiel had prophesied in the fourth year; they was silent a year and two months, or 430 days. He opened his mouth again in the sixth year, (Calmet. 8:1) and now in the seventh year he is ordered not to answer. Worthington.—We know not what the ancients wanted to know; but their design was evil. Calmet.

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2

The LORD’s word came to me, saying,

3

“Son of man, speak to the elders of Israel, and tell them, ‘The Lord GOD says: “Is it to inquire of me that you have come? As I live,” says the Lord GOD, “I will not be inquired of by you.”’

4

“Will you judge them, son of man? Will you judge them? Cause them to know the abominations of their fathers.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 4. Judgest them; or, if thou wilt enter into the cause, and plead against them. Challoner.—Lay before them the iniquities of their fathers, and their own, which bring on the reprobation of the greatest part. God will form his Church out of a few of them and of the Gentiles. The return of a small number from captivity is also insinuated.

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5

Tell them, ‘The Lord GOD says: “In the day when I chose Israel, and swore to the offspring of the house of Jacob, and made myself known to them in the land of Egypt, when I swore to them, saying, ‘I am the LORD your God;’

6

in that day I swore to them to bring them out of the land of Egypt into a land that I had searched out for them, flowing with milk and honey, which is the glory of all lands.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 6. Excelleth. Hebrew “is beauty or a desire.” Septuagint “honeycomb.” Calmet.

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7

I said to them, ‘Each of you throw away the abominations of his eyes. Don’t defile yourselves with the idols of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.’

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 7. Scandals, and so forth (offensiones) that is, the abominations or idols, to the worship of which they were allured by their eyes. Challoner.—Moses found them in this condition in Egypt, and he could not entirely reclaim them. Calmet.—Many still secreted their idols. Calmet. 23:1. Acts 7:42. Bible.

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8

“‘“But they rebelled against me and wouldn’t listen to me. They didn’t all throw away the abominations of their eyes. They also didn’t forsake the idols of Egypt. Then I said I would pour out my wrath on them, to accomplish my anger against them in the middle of the land of Egypt.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 8. Egypt. Their disorders called for such severity. But God was restrained by the dangers ( Calmet.) of blasphemy, and so forth to which the faithful and idolaters would thus have been exposed. Bible.—He saved them as he had promised, though they did not deserve it. Worthington.

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9

But I worked for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations among which they were, in whose sight I made myself known to them in bringing them out of the land of Egypt.

10

So I caused them to go out of the land of Egypt and brought them into the wilderness.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 10. Brought. Lit. “cast,” ( Bible.) as if they had been reluctant.

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11

I gave them my statutes and showed them my ordinances, which if a man does, he will live in them.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 11. Live, and enjoy temporal felicity, which was chief promised, though the faithful observers of the law would obtain an eternal reward.

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12

Moreover also I gave them my Sabbaths, to be a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am the LORD who sanctifies them.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 12. Sign, as also to promote piety and instruction.

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13

“‘“But the house of Israel rebelled against me in the wilderness. They didn’t walk in my statutes and they rejected my ordinances, which if a man keeps, he shall live in them. They greatly profaned my Sabbaths. Then I said I would pour out my wrath on them in the wilderness, to consume them.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 13. Sabbaths. We only read of one man gathering sticks, and the people manna once on those days. Exodus 15 and 16. But Moses does not mention all. Calmet.—Sabbath often denotes the whole law, which they transgressed; and as long as they retained an affection for idols, they could not observe the sabbaths so as to please God.

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14

But I worked for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, in whose sight I brought them out.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 14. But. Lit. “And I did for,” and so forth This motive caused me to spare them. Bible.—I punished only the most guilty adorers of the calf, and murmurers, and so forth Numbers 14:28. Calmet.—Some were always preserved for a succession. verse 9, 22. Worthington.

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15

Moreover also I swore to them in the wilderness that I would not bring them into the land which I had given them, flowing with milk and honey, which is the glory of all lands,

16

because they rejected my ordinances, and didn’t walk in my statutes, and profaned my Sabbaths; for their heart went after their idols.

17

Nevertheless my eye spared them, and I didn’t destroy them. I didn’t make a full end of them in the wilderness.

18

I said to their children in the wilderness, ‘Don’t walk in the statutes of your fathers. Don’t observe their ordinances or defile yourselves with their idols.

19

I am the LORD your God. Walk in my statutes, keep my ordinances, and do them.

20

Make my Sabbaths holy. They shall be a sign between me and you, that you may know that I am the LORD your God.’

21

“‘“But the children rebelled against me. They didn’t walk in my statutes, and didn’t keep my ordinances to do them, which if a man does, he shall live in them. They profaned my Sabbaths. Then I said I would pour out my wrath on them, to accomplish my anger against them in the wilderness.

22

Nevertheless I withdrew my hand and worked for my name’s sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, in whose sight I brought them out.

23

Moreover I swore to them in the wilderness, that I would scatter them among the nations and disperse them through the countries,

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 23. Again, or also. Bible.—Four times are specified verse 13, 15, 21 which may allude to the adoration of the calf, the graves of concupiscence, the murmuring, and commerce with the women and idols of Moab. Exodus 23. Numbers 10 and 14 and 25. Calmet.

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24

because they had not executed my ordinances, but had rejected my statutes, and had profaned my Sabbaths, and their eyes were after their fathers’ idols.

25

Moreover also I gave them statutes that were not good, and ordinances in which they couldn’t live.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 25. Not good. The laws and ordinances of their enemies: or those imposed upon them by that cruel tyrant the devil, to whose power they were delivered up for their sins; ( Challoner.) which may be styled the statutes of your fathers, and so forth verse 18. Bible.—God is often said to do what he only permits. Calmet.—He abandoned them to their own perversity. Saint Jerome Deuteronomy 32:21. 37.—If God had spoken of the Decalogue, and so forth would he say such laws were not good, after he had testified that the observers shall live in them? verse 11. He established the ceremonial law, at the same time. See Kimchi. Menochius. and so forth Chal. “I have given them up to their foolish desires. They have established bad statutes and laws which will not give them life.” This seems the best explanation. Calmet.—Hebrew “Have I given … (26) and have I polluted them?” and so forth Manasse Ben. Israel. The precepts had also a bad effect, and were given in condescension to the weakness of the people, (Orig.) particularly the ceremonial part. S. Just. Saint John Chrysostom Saint Jerome and so forth—They did not justify, (Saint Augustine) and were not good, compared with those of the new law. Saint Gregory mor. xxviii. 9.—Thus Solon gave the Athenians “the best laws that they would receive,” (Plut.) though others more perfect might have been devised. Calmet.

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26

I polluted them in their own gifts, in that they caused all that opens the womb to pass through the fire, that I might make them desolate, to the end that they might know that I am the LORD.”’

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 26. I polluted them, and so forth That is, I gave them up to such blindness, in punishment of their offences, as to pollute themselves with the blood of all their first-born, whom they offered up to their idols in compliance with their wicked devices. Challoner. Menochius. Leviticus 18:21 and 4 Kin. 3 ultr. and 21:6. Calmet.—Offered. Prot. “caused to pass through the fire all,” and so forth Calmet. 16:21.—For their. Prot. “that I might make them desolate to the end, that,” and so forth

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27

“Therefore, son of man, speak to the house of Israel, and tell them, ‘The Lord GOD says: “Moreover, in this your fathers have blasphemed me, in that they have committed a trespass against me.

28

For when I had brought them into the land which I swore to give to them, then they saw every high hill and every thick tree, and they offered there their sacrifices, and there they presented the provocation of their offering. There they also made their pleasant aroma, and there they poured out their drink offerings.

29

Then I said to them, ‘What does the high place where you go mean?’ So its name is called Bamah to this day.”’

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 29. Called high. Hebrew “Bamah,” ( Bible.) out of contempt. Calmet.—The Jews were so much attached to the high places, that they called the altar of the Lord by the same name. Thus heretics are convicted by the very names they use, calling sacrifice service, and so forth Worthington.

EXPLANATION

“Bamah” means “High Place”.

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30

“Therefore tell the house of Israel, ‘The Lord GOD says: “Do you pollute yourselves in the way of your fathers? Do you play the prostitute after their abominations?

31

When you offer your gifts, when you make your sons pass through the fire, do you pollute yourselves with all your idols to this day? Should I be inquired of by you, house of Israel? As I live, says the Lord GOD, I will not be inquired of by you!

32

“‘“That which comes into your mind will not be at all, in that you say, ‘We will be as the nations, as the families of the countries, to serve wood and stone.’

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 32. Stones. This was the secret intention of the ancients, (verse 1. Bible.) and of many in captivity, who were only praise-worthy compared with those at Jerusalem. Calmet. 11:15.

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33

As I live,” says the Lord GOD, “surely with a mighty hand, with an outstretched arm, and with wrath poured out, I will be king over you.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 33. Out. I will not allow you to follow idols with impunity. Calmet.

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34

I will bring you out from the peoples, and will gather you out of the countries in which you are scattered with a mighty hand, with an outstretched arm, and with wrath poured out.

35

I will bring you into the wilderness of the peoples, and there I will enter into judgment with you face to face.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 35. Of people. That is, a desert, in which there are no people; ( Challoner.) meaning Judea, to which they should return.

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36

Just as I entered into judgment with your fathers in the wilderness of the land of Egypt, so I will enter into judgment with you,” says the Lord GOD.

37

“I will cause you to pass under the rod, and I will bring you into the bond of the covenant.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 37. Covenant of the gospel, by the powerful attractions of grace. Lu. 14:24. John 6:69 and 7:46 and 2 Corinthians 10:4.

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38

I will purge out from among you the rebels and those who disobey me. I will bring them out of the land where they live, but they shall not enter into the land of Israel. Then you will know that I am the LORD.”

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 38. Israel. They shall continue in exile; or the rebel Jews who will not believe in Christ, shall be cast off. Calmet.

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39

“‘As for you, house of Israel, the Lord GOD says: “Go, everyone serve his idols, and hereafter also, if you will not listen to me; but you shall no more profane my holy name with your gifts and with your idols.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 39. Walk, and so forth It is not an allowance, much less a commandment to serve idols; but a figure of speech, by which God would have them to understand, that if they would walk after their idols, they must not pretend to serve him at the same time: for that he would by no means suffer such a mixture of worship. Challoner. Saint Jerome—Continue, if you dare, to serve idols. I will still bring you back. Calmet.—Septuagint “take away each your devices; and then if you hear me, (Grabe’s copy adds, not) and defile not my,” and so forth Bible.—God would rather have idolaters leave him wholly, than halt between two, (3 Kennicott. 18) neither hot nor cold; (Revelation 3) for such dishonour God’s name the most. Romans 2:24. Worthington.

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40

For in my holy mountain, in the mountain of the height of Israel,” says the Lord GOD, “there all the house of Israel, all of them, shall serve me in the land. There I will accept them, and there I will require your offerings and the first fruits of your offerings, with all your holy things.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 40. Mountain. The foregoing verse, to make the sense complete, must be understood so as to condemn and reject that mixture of worship which the Jews then followed. In this verse God promises to the true Israelites, especially to those of the Christian Church, that they should serve him in another manner in his holy mountain, the spiritual Sion, and shall be accepted of by him. Challoner.

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41

I will accept you as a pleasant aroma when I bring you out from the peoples and gather you out of the countries in which you have been scattered. I will be sanctified in you in the sight of the nations.

42

You will know that I am the LORD when I bring you into the land of Israel, into the country which I swore to give to your fathers.

43

There you will remember your ways, and all your deeds in which you have polluted yourselves. Then you will loathe yourselves in your own sight for all your evils that you have committed.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 43. Committed. This is a picture of the converts to Christianity. Calmet.

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44

You will know that I am the LORD, when I have dealt with you for my name’s sake, not according to your evil ways, nor according to your corrupt doings, you house of Israel,” says the Lord GOD.’”

45

The LORD’s word came to me, saying,

46

“Son of man, set your face toward the south, and preach toward the south, and prophesy against the forest of the field in the south.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 46. Of the south. Jerusalem lay towards the south of Babylon, where the prophet then was, and is here called the forest of the south field, and is threatened with utter desolation. Challoner. See Calmet. 21. Calmet.—In Jerusalem there were good and bad. Worthington.

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47

Tell the forest of the south, ‘Hear the LORD’s word: The Lord GOD says, “Behold, I will kindle a fire in you, and it will devour every green tree in you, and every dry tree. The burning flame will not be quenched, and all faces from the south to the north will be burned by it.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 47. Burned, with war and famine. Jeremiah 21:14. Calmet.—North, from Egypt to Mesopotamia. Theod.—Nabuchodonosor invaded those parts. Bible.

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48

All flesh will see that I, the LORD, have kindled it. It will not be quenched.”’”

49

Then I said, “Ah Lord GOD! They say of me, ‘Isn’t he a speaker of parables?’”

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 49. Parables. They were easy enough to understand, but the Jews would not comprehend them no more than our Saviour’s words. John 10:24. Calmet.

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