The LORD’s word came to me, saying,
Ezekiel 34
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“Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel. Prophesy, and tell them, even the shepherds, ‘The Lord GOD says: “Woe to the shepherds of Israel who feed themselves! Shouldn’t the shepherds feed the sheep?
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 2. Shepherds. That is, princes, magistrates, chief priests, and scribes. Challoner.—Shepherds may lawfully take milk, (1 Corinthians 9:7) but the sheep and its wool belong to the master. Worthington.—Excellent instructions are here given for all in authority. Calmet.
You eat the fat. You clothe yourself with the wool. You kill the fatlings, but you don’t feed the sheep.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 3. Fat. Pastors often disguise the truth to flatter the rich, or the more just souls are ruined by their negligence.
You haven’t strengthened the diseased. You haven’t healed that which was sick. You haven’t bound up that which was broken. You haven’t brought back that which was driven away. You haven’t sought that which was lost, but you have ruled over them with force and with rigor.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 4. Healed. God alone can restore to life. But pastors will not be excused by ignorance if they know not the maladies and the remedies of their flock.—Hand. This was blamed in the Pharisees, and is contrary to the spirit of the gospel. Matthew 23:4. 1 Peter 5:2.
They were scattered, because there was no shepherd. They became food to all the animals of the field, and were scattered.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 5. Field. The people being neglected, followed false prophets and idols. Their teachers were so far from striving to reclaim them, that they perhaps shewed them the example. Calmet.
My sheep wandered through all the mountains and on every high hill. Yes, my sheep were scattered on all the surface of the earth. There was no one who searched or sought.”
“‘Therefore, you shepherds, hear the LORD’s word:
“As I live,” says the Lord GOD, “surely because my sheep became a prey, and my sheep became food to all the animals of the field, because there was no shepherd, and my shepherds didn’t search for my sheep, but the shepherds fed themselves, and didn’t feed my sheep,
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 8. No shepherd. Pastors who seek only their temporal advantage, (1 Timothy 6:5. Titus 1:7. Bible.) are hirelings; and if they teach false doctrine, they are wolves. John 10. Worthington.
therefore, you shepherds, hear the LORD’s word!”
The Lord GOD says: “Behold, I am against the shepherds. I will require my sheep at their hand, and cause them to cease from feeding the sheep. The shepherds won’t feed themselves any more. I will deliver my sheep from their mouth, that they may not be food for them.”
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 10. Cease. Both the leaders and the people were led into captivity.
“‘For the Lord GOD says: “Behold, I myself, even I, will search for my sheep, and will seek them out.
As a shepherd seeks out his flock in the day that he is among his sheep that are scattered abroad, so I will seek out my sheep. I will deliver them out of all places where they have been scattered in the cloudy and dark day.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 12. Day, in persecution. I will count my sheep, lest any be lost.
I will bring them out from the peoples, and gather them from the countries, and will bring them into their own land. I will feed them on the mountains of Israel, by the watercourses, and in all the inhabited places of the country.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 13. Land. All this cannot be understood of the synagogue alone.
I will feed them with good pasture, and their fold will be on the mountains of the height of Israel. There they will lie down in a good fold. They will feed on rich pasture on the mountains of Israel.
I myself will be the shepherd of my sheep, and I will cause them to lie down,” says the Lord GOD.
“I will seek that which was lost, and will bring back that which was driven away, and will bind up that which was broken, and will strengthen that which was sick; but I will destroy the fat and the strong. I will feed them in justice.”’
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 16. Preserve, (Septuagint Syr.) which seems more natural than Hebrew and Chal. “destroy.” I will not eat them, like bad shepherds. verse 3. Calmet.—God and those whom he sends, will take care of the flock. Ephesians 4. Worthington.
“As for you, O my flock, the Lord GOD says: ‘Behold, I judge between sheep and sheep, the rams and the male goats.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 17. Cattle. The crimes of the pastors do not excuse the flock. In it there are people of different dispositions. The rich often destroy, and these are brought to an account. verse 24. Calmet.
Does it seem a small thing to you to have fed on the good pasture, but you must tread down with your feet the residue of your pasture? And to have drunk of the clear waters, but must you foul the residue with your feet?
As for my sheep, they eat that which you have trodden with your feet, and they drink that which you have fouled with your feet.’
“Therefore the Lord GOD says to them: ‘Behold, I, even I, will judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep.
Because you thrust with side and with shoulder, and push all the diseased with your horns, until you have scattered them abroad,
therefore I will save my flock, and they will no more be a prey. I will judge between sheep and sheep.
I will set up one shepherd over them, and he will feed them, even my servant David. He will feed them, and he will be their shepherd.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 23. David; Christ, who is of the house of David. Calmet.—That king had been dead long before, so that no Jew or heretic can deny but that the Messias is here meant, as Calmet. 37:24. and so forth Worthington.—He possessed eminently all the virtues of David, and was of his seed. Zorobabel, and so forth cannot be understood, as we have no proof that the governors after the captivity were chosen from the tribe of Juda. Calmet. 21:27.
I, the LORD, will be their God, and my servant David prince among them. I, the LORD, have spoken it.
“‘I will make with them a covenant of peace, and will cause evil animals to cease out of the land. They will dwell securely in the wilderness and sleep in the woods.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 25. Peace. Christ pacifies all. Romans 15:33. Mic. 5:5. Ephesians 6:15.—Beasts: those who promote idolatry; or, speaking of Christians, who teach heretical doctrine and persecute the Church. Calmet.
I will make them and the places around my hill a blessing. I will cause the shower to come down in its season. There will be showers of blessing.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 26. Make. Lit. “place.” Bible.—Septuagint read not a blessing, which seems superfluous. Calmet.—Yet Chal. has it, and the idea is more complete. Bible.
The tree of the field will yield its fruit, and the earth will yield its increase, and they will be secure in their land. Then they will know that I am the LORD, when I have broken the bars of their yoke, and have delivered them out of the hand of those who made slaves of them.
They will no more be a prey to the nations, neither will the animals of the earth devour them; but they will dwell securely, and no one will make them afraid.
I will raise up to them a plantation for renown, and they will no more be consumed with famine in the land, and not bear the shame of the nations any more.
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 29. A bud of renown, (germen nominatum.) He speaks of Christ, our Lord, the illustrious bud of the house of David, renowned over all the earth. See Jeremiah 33:15. Challoner.—Septuagint Syr. “a plant of peace.” Chal. “established.” Calmet.
They will know that I, the LORD, their God am with them, and that they, the house of Israel, are my people, says the Lord GOD.
You my sheep, the sheep of my pasture, are men, and I am your God,’ says the Lord GOD.”
ExplanationCommentary
Verse 31. Men. What has been said of sheep ( Menochius.) relates to you.—Am the Lord. This is not in Hebrew or Prot. Bible.—But it is found in one Hebrew MS. and Septuagint as this version is thus frequently confirmed. Kennicott, Dis. ii.