OLD TESTAMENT

Sirach 29

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1

He who shows mercy will lend to his neighbor. He who strengthens him with his hand keeps the commandments.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 1. Hand. That is, he that is hearty and bountiful in lending to his neighbour in his necessity. Challoner.—Fœnus, in this book means simply “lending.” Rondet.—This is a work of mercy, and a sort of alms. Justice requires that the thing should be restored, and if any refuse on purpose, he is as bad as a thief. Worthington.—He who lends will receive usury from the Lord. Proverbs 19:17. Psalms 36:21.—In hand. Rich.

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2

Lend to your neighbor in time of his need. Repay your neighbor on time.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 2. Time. The neglect of this causes many to be unwilling to lend. Calmet.

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3

Confirm your word, and keep faith with him; and at all seasons you will find what you need.

4

Many have considered a loan to be a windfall, and have given trouble to those who helped them.

5

Until he has received, he will kiss a man’s hands. For his neighbor’s money he will speak submissively. Then when payment is due, he will prolong the time, return excuses, and complain about the season.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 5. Hands. Like slaves. Macrob. 1.—Others kiss the face, neck, and so forth Acts 20:37.

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6

If he prevails, the creditor will hardly receive half; and he will count it as a windfall. If not, he has deprived him of his money, and he has gotten him for an enemy without cause. He will pay him with cursing and railing. Instead of honor, he will pay him disgrace.

7

Many on account of fraud have turned away. They are afraid of being defrauded for nothing.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 7. Found it. Seeming to make thee partaker of his good fortune, (Jans.) or he will keep the other half as his own. Grot.

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8

However be patient with a man in poor estate. Don’t keep him waiting for your alms.

9

Help a poor man for the commandment’s sake. According to his need don’t send him empty away.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 9. Injuries. Thus one loses both money and friends. Must we then never lend? If the person be poor, we must be ready to give. Calmet.

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10

Lose your money for a brother and a friend. Don’t let it rust under a stone and be lost.

11

Allocate your treasure according to the commandments of the Most High and it will profit you more than gold.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 11. And delay. Or lit. “and for an alms, drag him not along.” Bible.—Let not the fraud of many deter thee from assisting the poor, for the sake of God and justice. Calmet.—Si fraudaris pecunia acquiris justitiam. Saint Ambrose Tob. iii. n. 11.

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12

Store up almsgiving in your store-chambers and it will deliver you out of all affliction.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 12. Commandment. Deuteronomy 15:7. Else where is your merit?

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13

It will fight for you against your enemy better than a mighty shield and a ponderous spear.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 13. Friend. He is entitled to partake of all thy goods. If he be only thy fellow-creature, assist him; and God will reward thee. Matthew 6:19.

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14

A good man will be surety for his neighbor. He who has lost shame will fail him.

15

Don’t forget the kindness of your guarantor, for he has given his life for you.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 15. Heart. Greek “thy store-houses,” the poor. Calmet.—I never read that one who was liberal to the poor came to an evil death, as he has so many to intercede for him, whose prayers must be heard. Saint Jerome ad Nepot.—Works of mercy produce the best fruits. Worthington.

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16

A sinner will waste the property of his guarantor.

17

He who is thankless will fail him who delivered him.

18

Being surety has undone many who were prospering and shaken them as a wave of the sea. It has driven mighty men from their homes. They wandered among foreign nations.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 18. Himself. Yet he will not engage his word for more than he can pay, (verse 27 chapter 8:16) nor encourage the negligence of debtors. Proverbs 6:1.

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19

A sinner who falls into suretiship and undertakes contracts for work will fall into lawsuits.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 19. Life. Or his subsistence, (chapter 19:28) though some answered for the person of another. 3 Kennicott. 20:39.

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20

Help your neighbor according to your power, and be careful not to fall yourself.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 20. And. Greek “will turn away the goods of his surety, (21) and the ungrateful in mind will abandon his redeemer.” Bible.—“All hate the ungrateful,” (Cic. off. ii.) and the Persians punished such with death. Xenop. Cyr. i.—Him. Greek subjoins verse 23. Bible.

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21

The essentials of life are water, bread, a garment, and a house for privacy.

22

Better is the life of a poor man under a shelter of logs than sumptuous fare in another man’s house.

23

With little or with much, be well satisfied.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 23. Estate, (dirigentes) whose affairs were prosperous. Menochius.—Hence Solomon dissuades any rash engagements.

EXPLANATION

The remainder of this verse is omitted by the best authorities.

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24

It is a miserable life to go from house to house. Where you are a guest, you dare not open your mouth.

25

You will entertain, serve drinks, and have no thanks. In addition to this, you will hear bitter words.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 25. Things. Tax-gatherers may deserve to fall into this misery. Calmet.

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26

“Come here, you sojourner, set a table, and if you have anything in your hand, feed me with it.”

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 26. Not. Prudence requires that we should not ruin ourselves to help others. Worthington.

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27

“Leave, you sojourner, for an honored guest is here. My brother has come to be my guest. I need my house.”

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 27. Shame. Clothing is like a portable house. Grot.—Man stands in need of little, and those who are content will not need to borrow. verse 29.

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28

These things are grievous to a man of understanding: The scolding about lodging and the insults of creditors.