OLD TESTAMENT

2 Chronicles 32

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1

After these things and this faithfulness, Sennacherib king of Assyria came, entered into Judah, encamped against the fortified cities, and intended to win them for himself.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 1. Truth, and sincere piety of the king, God was pleased to put him to trial; ( Tirinus. Menochius. D.) or, “after these things were established.” Jun.—Sennacherib attacked Juda when Ezechias had been fifteen years on the throne, and till that time had paid the stipulated tribute. 4 Kennicott. 18:13. Calmet.—He now probably refused to pay it any longer. Salien, A. 3319. Menochius.

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2

When Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib had come, and that he was planning to fight against Jerusalem,

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 2. Jerusalem; as many cities had fallen. The king entered into an agreement with the Assyrians, who soon broke it.

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3

he took counsel with his princes and his mighty men to stop the waters of the springs which were outside of the city, and they helped him.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 3. City. The torrent Cedron afforded the only good supply of water. It was often dry, and was only three steps across, when full of melted snow or rain. The waters of Siloe and Gihon were collected in it. Yet it was no difficult enterprise for the king to turn the stream, and introduce the waters through the rock into a large reservoir, in the city, by the canal, which is mentioned 2 Esdras 2:14. Sirach 48:19. The besieged were more frequently deprived of water. Judith 7:6. Babylon was taken by Semiramis, Cyrus, and Alexander, after they turned aside the waters of the Euphrates; and Cæsar obliged the town of Cahors to surrender, by intercepting the springs. Frontin. iii. 7. Calmet.

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4

Then many people gathered together and they stopped all the springs and the brook that flowed through the middle of the land, saying, “Why should the kings of Assyria come, and find abundant water?”

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 4. Land, Cedron, on the east; ( Calmet. Menochius.) or it may be the Gihon, which supplies Siloe, verse 30. Tirinus.

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5

He took courage, built up all the wall that was broken down, and raised it up to the towers, with the other wall outside, and strengthened Millo in David’s city, and made weapons and shields in abundance.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 5. Without, of less strength.—Mello, the palace, which was strongly situated, and Ezechias added fresh fortifications. 2 Kennicott. 5:9.—Arms. Hebrew “darts.”

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6

He set captains of war over the people, gathered them together to him in the wide place at the gate of the city, and spoke encouragingly to them, saying,

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 6. Gate, where there was a room for assemblies. 2 Kennicott. 18:24. Calmet.—Heart, in the most affectionate and pathetic manner. Bible.

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7

“Be strong and courageous. Don’t be afraid or dismayed because of the king of Assyria, nor for all the multitude who is with him; for there is a greater one with us than with him.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 7. More: God and his angels, from whom he expected relief, and was not disappointed. 4 Kennicott. 6:16 and 19:35. Calmet.

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8

An arm of flesh is with him, but the LORD our God is with us to help us and to fight our battles.” The people rested themselves on the words of Hezekiah king of Judah.

9

After this, Sennacherib king of Assyria sent his servants to Jerusalem, (now he was attacking Lachish, and all his forces were with him), to Hezekiah king of Judah, and to all Judah who were at Jerusalem, saying,

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 9. Lachis, whence he sent Rabsaces. Other blasphemous letters were dispatched from Lobna, (verse 17) when Sennacherib was forced to go to meet Tharaca. 4 Kennicott. 19:9.

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10

Sennacherib king of Assyria says, “In whom do you trust, that you remain under siege in Jerusalem?

11

Doesn’t Hezekiah persuade you to give you over to die by famine and by thirst, saying, ‘The LORD our God will deliver us out of the hand of the king of Assyria’?

12

Hasn’t the same Hezekiah taken away his high places and his altars, and commanded Judah and Jerusalem, saying, ‘You shall worship before one altar, and you shall burn incense on it’?

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 12. His altars. Rabsaces was ignorant of the law, and upbraids the king for a commendable action. Calmet.—Thus our adversaries foolishly blame us for keeping holy days and abstinence. Bible.

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13

Don’t you know what I and my fathers have done to all the peoples of the lands? Were the gods of the nations of those lands in any way able to deliver their land out of my hand?

14

Who was there among all the gods of those nations which my fathers utterly destroyed that could deliver his people out of my hand, that your God should be able to deliver you out of my hand?

15

Now therefore don’t let Hezekiah deceive you nor persuade you in this way. Don’t believe him, for no god of any nation or kingdom was able to deliver his people out of my hand, and out of the hand of my fathers. How much less will your God deliver you out of my hand?”

16

His servants spoke yet more against the LORD God and against his servant Hezekiah.

17

He also wrote letters insulting the LORD, the God of Israel, and speaking against him, saying, “As the gods of the nations of the lands, which have not delivered their people out of my hand, so shall the God of Hezekiah not deliver his people out of my hand.”

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 17. He (Sennacherib) wrote, when he was going towards Egypt. Both master and servant employed the same fallacious argument; as if the true God and idols were all upon a level, and as if past success were a sure proof of future victories, verse 19. Bible.

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18

They called out with a loud voice in the Jews’ language to the people of Jerusalem who were on the wall, to frighten them and to trouble them, that they might take the city.

19

They spoke of the God of Jerusalem as of the gods of the peoples of the earth, which are the work of men’s hands.

20

Hezekiah the king and Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz, prayed because of this, and cried to heaven.

21

The LORD sent an angel, who cut off all the mighty men of valor, the leaders, and captains in the camp of the king of Assyria. So he returned with shame of face to his own land. When he had come into the house of his god, those who came out of his own body killed him there with the sword.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 21. Army. Hebrew “camp.”—Disgrace. The Jews pretend that he was deprived of his beard and hair, (Saint Jerome Trad.) misapplying the text of Isaiah 7:20. Calmet.—Sword, to prevent their being offered as victims, to appease the idol and the people. R. Solomon. Lyran.—This happened some months after the king’s return to Ninive, when he had cruelly oppressed the captive Jews and Tobias, 1:24. Tirinus.

EXPLANATION

that is, his own sons

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22

Thus the LORD saved Hezekiah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem from the hand of Sennacherib the king of Assyria and from the hand of all others, and guided them on every side.

23

Many brought gifts to the LORD to Jerusalem, and precious things to Hezekiah king of Judah, so that he was exalted in the sight of all nations from then on.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 23. Many; probably strangers. 3 Kennicott. 8:41.

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24

In those days Hezekiah was terminally ill, and he prayed to the LORD; and he spoke to him, and gave him a sign.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 24. Sign. See 4 Kennicott. 20.

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25

But Hezekiah didn’t reciprocate appropriate to the benefit done for him, because his heart was lifted up. Therefore there was wrath on him, Judah, and Jerusalem.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 25. Up, by riches, and the splendid embassy from Babylon. Calmet.—Prosperity is more dangerous than adversity. Worthington.—Few are able to bear good fortune with moderation. Bible.

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26

However, Hezekiah humbled himself for the pride of his heart, both he and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so that the LORD’s wrath didn’t come on them in the days of Hezekiah.

27

Hezekiah had exceedingly great riches and honor. He provided himself with treasuries for silver, for gold, for precious stones, for spices, for shields, and for all kinds of valuable vessels;

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 27. Arms. Hebrew “shields.” Septuagint “arsenals.”

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28

also storehouses for the increase of grain, new wine, and oil; and stalls for all kinds of animals, and flocks in folds.

29

Moreover he provided for himself cities, and possessions of flocks and herds in abundance; for God had given him abundant possessions.

30

This same Hezekiah also stopped the upper spring of the waters of Gihon, and brought them straight down on the west side of David’s city. Hezekiah prospered in all his works.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 30. Underneath the walls of the city, making them run westward. Calmet. 33:14.

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31

However, concerning the ambassadors of the princes of Babylon, who sent to him to inquire of the wonder that was done in the land, God left him to test him, that he might know all that was in his heart.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 31. Wonder, at the defeat of Sennacherib; (Grot. D.) or rather the retrogradation of the sun, as the Chaldees studied astronomy with diligence. Menochius. Tirinus. Calmet.—Left him, in punishment of his vanity. Bible.—Heart. How feeble is man when destitute of the divine assistance! Menochius.—God permitted, therefore, the king to be tempted, ( Calmet.) that he might know himself, and that others might have a true idea of him. D.

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32

Now the rest of the acts of Hezekiah and his good deeds, behold, they are written in the vision of Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz, in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel.

33

Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the ascent to the tombs of the sons of David. All Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem honored him at his death. Manasseh his son reigned in his place.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 33. Above, for distinction’s sake: ( Calmet.) meriti prærogativâ. Saint Jerome Trad. Menochius.—The cell was either higher than the rest, or a sort of pyramid was erected over the tomb of Ezechias. Calmet.

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