Verse 1. Ointment. A fly cannot live in it. Pliny xi. 19.—Hence the smallest faults must be avoided, ( Calmet.) and superfluous cares, (Saint Gregory) as well as the conversation of the wicked, (Thaumat.) particularly of heretics. Saint Augustine con. Fulg. 14.—Detractors may be compared to flies: they seek corruption, and so forth A little leaven corrupteth the whole lump. 1 Corinthians 5:6. Calmet.—The wicked infect their companions, and vice destroys all former virtues. Worthington.—Wisdom, or “a small … folly is more precious than wisdom,” and so forth of the world. 1 Corinthians 1:25 and 3:18. Dulce est desipere in loco. Hor. iv. ode 12.—Hebrew “folly spoils things more precious than wisdom.” A small fault is often attended with the worst consequences, (Calmet. 9:18) as David and Roboam experienced. 2 Kennicott. 24 and 3 Kennicott. 12:14. Calmet.—Septuagint “a little wisdom is to be honoured above the great glory of foolishness.” Prot. “dead flies cause the ointment of the apothecary to send forth a stinking flavour; so doth a little folly him that is in reputation for wisdom and honour.” Bible.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 2. Hand, to do well or ill. Deuteronomy 1:39. Jonah 4:11. Chal.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 3. Fools. People judge others by themselves. Calmet.—Thus Nero could not believe that any were chaste. Suet.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 4. Place. If the devil tempt or persuade thee to sin, repent and humble thyself; or if thou hast offended the great, shew submission.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 5. Prince, who seems to have been guilty of any indiscretion.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 6. Rich. Such were chosen magistrates. Exodus 18:21. Proverbs 28:16 and 30:21.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 8. Him. Those who disturb the state or the Church, shall be in danger.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 9. Stones. Landmarks or walls. Proverbs 22:18.—Them. God will punish his injustice, in meddling with another’s property.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 10. Made blunt. After being repeatedly sharpened, ( Calmet.) it will be more difficult to cut with it, and will expose the person to hurt himself, verse 9. Bible.—Man, since original sin, is in a similar condition.—Wisdom. The wise perform great things even with bad tools. Hebrew “wisdom is the best directress.” Calmet.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 11. Silence. Prot. “without enchantment, and a babbler is no better.” Bible.—But he compares the detractor to a serpent, ( Calmet.) as he infuses the poison into all who pay attention to him. Saint Jerome Saint Bernard
Ecclesiastes
Verse 12. Grace. Pleasing and instructive. Calmet.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 14. Tell him. How foolish, therefore, is it to speak about every thing!
Ecclesiastes
Verse 15. City. Being so stupid, that they know not, or will not take the pains to find what is most obvious. Calmet.—Thus the pagan philosophers knew all but what they ought to have known; (Saint Jerome) and many such wise worldlings never strive to discover the paths which lead to the city of eternal peace: like him who contemplated the stars, and fell into a ditch. Calmet.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 16. When thy. Hebrew lit. “whose,” cujus, as verse 17. Bible.—S. Jerom give two senses to this passage, the literal and the mystical, according to his usual custom. The dominion of young men and of luxurious judges is reproved, as well as innovations in matters of religion. Isaiah 3:4. Those are blessed who have Christ for their head, descending from the patriarchs and saints, (over whom sin ruled not, and who of course were free) and from the blessed Virgin, who was “more free.” They have the apostles for princes, who sought not the pleasures of this world, but will be rewarded, in due time, and eat without confusion. Tirinus. 7. Worthington.—Child. Minorities often prove dangerous to the state, while regents cannot agree.—Morning, as children eat at all times. This may relate to the ruler who is a child in age, or in knowledge, though it seems rather to refer to his counsellors. Isaiah 5:11.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 17. Noble. Royal extraction, (Εσθλων γενεσθαι. Eurip. Hec.) and education, afford many advantages which others, who raise themselves to the throne, do not enjoy. Hebrew “the son of those in white,” ( Calmet.) or “of heroes.” Mont.—Eurim, ( Bible.) or Chorim seems to have give rise to the word Hero. The advantages of birth only make the defects of degenerate children more observable. Calmet.—Heroum filii noxæ. “The sons of heroes are a nuisance,” ( Bible.) was an ancient proverb.—Season. The time was not fixed; but it was deemed a mark of intemperance to eat before noon, when judges ought to have decided causes. Daniel 13:7. Acts 2:15.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 18. Through. If we neglect our own, or other’s soul, ( Bible.) in the administration of Church, (Saint Jerome) or state, all will go to ruin.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 19. Feast. As if they were born for this purpose, (Philippians 3:19. Calmet.) fruges consumere nati. Hor. i. ep. 2.—Money.—
Scilicet uxorem cum dote fidemque et amicos,
Et genus, et formam regina pecunia donet. Horace, i. ep. 6.)
—Hebrew “money answers all purposes,” ( Bible.) to procure meat, drink, and so forth Calmet.
Ecclesiastes
Verse 20. Said. Pigeons are taught to carry letters in the east, and Solomon alludes to this custom, or he makes use of this hyperbole to shew, that kings will discover the most secret inclinations by means of spies. We must not speak ill even of those who are worthy of blame. verse 16. Calmet.