OLD TESTAMENT

Lamentations 2

The Holy Bible · English
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1

How has the Lord covered the daughter of Zion with a cloud in his anger! He has cast the beauty of Israel down from heaven to the earth, and hasn’t remembered his footstool in the day of his anger.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 1. Obscurity. He continues to bewail the misery of Jerusalem.—Heaven, the highest glory. Isaiah 14:12.—Stool; the temple, and the land. The ark fell not into the hands of the enemy. Calmet.—The punishment which the Lord permits, is justly ascribed to Him. Worthington.

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2

The Lord has swallowed up all the dwellings of Jacob without pity. He has thrown down in his wrath the strongholds of the daughter of Judah. He has brought them down to the ground. He has profaned the kingdom and its princes.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 2. Unclean, or treated it as such. Calmet.—Septuagint “he hath accounted profane the kings.” Bible.—Joakim, Jechonias, Sedecias, and the royal family, were exposed to the greatest ignominy and sufferings. Calmet.

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3

He has cut off all the horn of Israel in fierce anger. He has drawn back his right hand from before the enemy. He has burned up Jacob like a flaming fire, which devours all around.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 3. Horn: beauty and power, ( Bible.) the two kingdoms, the fortresses, ( Calmet.) and all their strength, denoted by horns. Worthington.—Hand; refusing us protection, and aiding the Chaldees.

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4

He has bent his bow like an enemy. He has stood with his right hand as an adversary. He has killed all that were pleasant to the eye. In the tent of the daughter of Zion, he has poured out his wrath like fire.

5

The Lord has become as an enemy. He has swallowed up Israel. He has swallowed up all her palaces. He has destroyed his strongholds. He has multiplied mourning and lamentation in the daughter of Judah.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 5. Women, suffering them to be abused. Calmet. 5:11. 13.

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6

He has violently taken away his tabernacle, as if it were a garden. He has destroyed his place of assembly. The LORD has caused solemn assembly and Sabbath to be forgotten in Zion. In the indignation of his anger, he has despised the king and the priest.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 6. Tent: the temple, with the same indifference as if it had been a hut, built to guard the fruit of a garden. Isaiah 5:5. Psalms 79:13.—Sabbaths. The Jews rested, but could offer no sacrifices in captivity.—Priest. Saraias was slain, and Sedecias imprisoned, and so forth Calmet. 52:10. Calmet.

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7

The Lord has cast off his altar. He has abhorred his sanctuary. He has given the walls of her palaces into the hand of the enemy. They have made a noise in the LORD’s house, as in the day of a solemn assembly.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 7. Cursed, or suffered it to be polluted, ( Worthington.) as he looked on it with horror, after it had been profaned by Achaz, and so forth—Towers. Septuagint “palaces;” βαρεων.—Feast. What a contrast! The temple used to resound with songs of praise and music: the Chaldees fill it with insolent shouts of victory.

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8

The LORD has purposed to destroy the wall of the daughter of Zion. He has stretched out the line. He has not withdrawn his hand from destroying; He has made the rampart and wall lament. They languish together.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 8. Line, to level it with the ground, (Isaiah 34:11. Calmet.) or to treat it with just severity. Theod.—Bulwark. Lit. “the first wall,” ( Bible.) or ditch, lined with palisades. Alexander ordered the towers to be levelled, and the horses’ manes to be cut, when Hephæstion died, to denote the general sorrow.

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9

Her gates have sunk into the ground. He has destroyed and broken her bars. Her king and her princes are among the nations where the law is not. Yes, her prophets find no vision from the LORD.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 9. Among, as slaves, or in prison.—Law has been neglected; and now it cannot be observed, as to the ceremonial part. There are no public instructions.—No vision. When Jeremias was consulted, he had to pray for ten days. Calmet. 42:7.

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10

The elders of the daughter of Zion sit on the ground. They keep silence. They have cast up dust on their heads. They have clothed themselves with sackcloth. The virgins of Jerusalem hang down their heads to the ground.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 10. Ancients, even magistrates. Calmet.—Canitiem multo deformat pulvere. Æn. x.

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11

My eyes fail with tears. My heart is troubled. My bile is poured on the earth, because of the destruction of the daughter of my people, because the young children and the infants swoon in the streets of the city.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 11. Earth, by an overflowing of the bile, occasioned by grief. Job 16:14. Calmet.

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12

They ask their mothers, “Where is grain and wine?” when they swoon as the wounded in the streets of the city, when their soul is poured out into their mothers’ bosom.

13

What shall I testify to you? What shall I liken to you, daughter of Jerusalem? What shall I compare to you, that I may comfort you, virgin daughter of Zion? For your breach is as big as the sea. Who can heal you?

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 13. Sea. This is an hyperbole, to express the greatness of sorrow, as the sea surpasses all other waters. Worthington.

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14

Your prophets have seen false and foolish visions for you. They have not uncovered your iniquity, to reverse your captivity, but have seen for you false revelations and causes of banishment.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 14. Revelations. Hebrew Masoth, “burdens” for the enemy. This sentence ought to come before and they, and so forth as it is in the Vulg. Bible.

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15

All that pass by clap their hands at you. They hiss and wag their head at the daughter of Jerusalem, saying, “Is this the city that men called ‘The perfection of beauty, the joy of the whole earth’?”

16

All your enemies have opened their mouth wide against you. They hiss and gnash their teeth. They say, “We have swallowed her up. Certainly this is the day that we looked for. We have found it. We have seen it.”

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 16. Mouth, with scorn. Isaiah 57:4. Psalms 34:21.

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17

The LORD has done that which he planned. He has fulfilled his word that he commanded in the days of old. He has thrown down, and has not pitied. He has caused the enemy to rejoice over you. He has exalted the horn of your adversaries.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 17. Old, by Moses, (Deuteronomy 28:15. 49. Leviticus 26:14.) Micheas, (Calmet. 26:18.) Holda, and so forth Calmet.

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18

Their heart cried to the Lord. O wall of the daughter of Zion, let tears run down like a river day and night. Give yourself no relief. Don’t let your eyes rest.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 18. Upon. Hebrew and Septuagint “O wall,” and so forth verse 8. Bible.

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19

Arise, cry out in the night, at the beginning of the watches! Pour out your heart like water before the face of the Lord. Lift up your hands toward him for the life of your young children, who faint for hunger at the head of every street.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 19. Watches. Jerusalem is here represented in the midst of danger and misery. Calmet.

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20

“Look, LORD, and see to whom you have done thus! Should the women eat their offspring, the children that they held and bounced on their knees? Should the priest and the prophet be killed in the sanctuary of the Lord?

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 20. Dealt. Lit. “gathered grapes.” Calmet. 1:12. Bible.—Long; quite small. Psalms 38:9. This has been denounced, Calmet. 19:9. Deuteronomy 28:53. Calmet. It took place at Samaria, and in the last siege of Jerusalem, (Jos. Bel. vii. and viii. Worthington.) as well as at this time. Bible.

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21

“The youth and the old man lie on the ground in the streets. My virgins and my young men have fallen by the sword. You have killed them in the day of your anger. You have slaughtered, and not pitied.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 21. Killed. Lit. “stricken” ( Bible.) with unusual severity. Worthington.

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22

“You have called, as in the day of a solemn assembly, my terrors on every side. There was no one that escaped or remained in the day of the LORD’s anger. My enemy has consumed those whom I have cared for and brought up.

ExplanationCommentary
EXPLANATION

Verse 22. About. The troops of the enemy resemble those multitudes, which come from all parts to Jerusalem. Many kings could not raise such an army. Calmet.

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