Yanouh – The church of the Theotokos our Lady Mary

Basilica of Our Lady of Mantara - بازيليك سيدة المنطرة, Maghdoucheh, Lebanon

Name in arabic:  مقام سيدة المنطرة العجائبي مغدوشة

City:  Maghdoucheh

District:  Saida

Governorate:  South

History: 

Our Lady of Mantara is a Melkite Greek Catholic Marian shrine in Maghdouché, Lebanon, discovered on 8 September 1721 by a young shepherd. The grotto, which according to a legend dates to ancient times, was subsequently cared after by Monsignor Eftemios Saïfi, Melkite Catholic bishop of the Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon. The shrine consists of a tower crowned with the statue of the Virgin and Child, a cathedral, a cemetery and a sacred cave believed to be the one where the Virgin Mary rested while she waited for Jesus while he was in Tyre and Sidon. (Women were not allowed in some cities). Since its discovery, it has been steadily visited by families particularly each year on the occasion of the feast of the Nativity of Mary on 8 September.

Ancient era
Many historians agree that the devotion to the Virgin Mary in Lebanon replaced the Phoenician worship of Astarte. Temples and shrines to Astarte were converted to Christian places of worship, honoring the Virgin. This is also true in Maghdouché where within the vicinity of Our Lady of Awaiting are the remains of a shrine to Astarte.

Middle Ages
During the reign of Emperor Constantine, his mother, Saint Helena of Constantinople, requested in 324 the destruction of all pagan temples and idols dedicated to Astarte. The Astarte shrine in Maghdouché was probably destroyed at that time and converted to a place of devotion to the Holy Mother.

Since the early Christian era, the inhabitants of Maghdouché have venerated the cave where the Virgin Mary rested while she waited for her son, Jesus to finish preaching in Sidon. Saint Helena asked the Bishop of Tyre to consecrate a little chapel at the cave in Maghdouché. She sent the people of Maghdouché an icon of the mother and child and some altar furnishings. Historians believe that Saint Helena asked the people to name the chapel, and they named it "Our Lady of Awaiting" because it was there that the holy mother waited for her son.[4] Mantara is derivative of the Semitic root ntr, which means “to wait."

Saint Helena provided funds from the imperial treasury for the maintenance of the chapel. The funding continued for three centuries of Byzantine rule in Phoenicia until Khalid ibn al-Walid defeated Emperor Heraclius at the Battle of the Yarmuk.[4] While the caliph Omar, who became ruler of Jerusalem, was a pious and humble man, sparing Christendom's holiest shrines and being tolerant of his Christian subjects, the Arab rulers of the rest of Byzantium were less tolerant of the Christians, especially in the maritime cities of Tyre, Sidon, Beirut, Byblos, and Tripoli.[4] After the majority of the Sidonians converted to Islam to receive promised privileges and immunities, the people of Maghdouché withdrew to higher elevation up Mount Lebanon. The caliphate had recognised the Christians of Mount Lebanon as autonomous communities, paying a fixed tax. Before abandoning their village, they concealed the entrance to the cave of Our Lady of Awaiting with stones, earth and vines. The people left the village through obscure mountain paths to the strongholds of Christian Lebanon. The legend of Our Lady of Awaiting was passed down to the exiled generations of Maghdouché for one thousand years.

The people of Maghdouché did not return to their ancestral home despite the arrival of the Crusaders in Sidon. The Crusaders spent most of the 12th and 13th centuries in the shadow of Maghdouché without ever suspecting the sacred cave's existence even though they built a small fort, called La Franche Garde, within meters of the hidden entrance to the cave.

Modern era
The people of Maghdouché only returned to their ancestral village during the reign of the Druze Prince Fakhreddin II (1572-1635). The prince, who was considered a tolerant and enlightened ruler of his day and age, believed in equality amongst the diverse religious followers of his Lebanon. To demonstrate this equality, he appointed a Maronite Catholic as Prime Minister, a Muslim as Minister of the Interior, a Druze as Army Commander and a Jew as Finance Minister. His reign was a rare example of non-sectarianism, and it soon became the most prosperous principality in the Ottoman Empire.

It was not easy to relocate the sacred cave even though the men of Maghdouché worked for hundreds of years near the grotto, pulling down the stones of the Crusader fort for building material for their new homes. The cave was finally rediscovered on 8 September 1721 by a young shepherd when one of his goats fell in a well-like opening in the porous limestone. Wanting to save his goat, the shepherd made a rope from vine twigs, tied it to a tree, and descended into the hole, but the rope broke and he fell. When his eyes became accustomed to the darkness of the grotto, the boy saw a soft glimmer of a golden object, which turned out to be Saint Helena’s icon of the Mother and Child. The boy climbed up the stone walls and ran to the village to tell his discovery.

Sect:  Greek Catholic

Saydet Al Talle Church, Deir El Qamar, Lebanon

Name in arabic:  كنيسة سيّدة التلّة العجائبيّة

City:  Deir El-Qamar

District:  Chouf

Governorate:  Mount Lebanon

History: 

كنيسة سيّدة التلّة العجائبيّة - دير القمر
بُنِيَتْ كنيسة سيِّدةِ التلَّة على أَنقاضِ هَيْكَلٍ وَثَنِيٍّ أُقيمَ لِعِبادَةِ الإلَهْ القَمَرْ، تَحَوَّلَ إلى مَعْبَدٍ مسيحيٍّ عَلى يَدِ النَاسك إبراهيم القورشيّ. رمّمها البيزنطيّين والفرسان التيتونيّين. خُرِّبَت الكنيسة بعد رحيل الصليبيّين. مع بِدايَةِ القَرْنِ السّادِسَ عَشَرَ، وجَدَ الأهالي حجر العتبة من الكنيسة الأصليّة وسمّوها سيّدة التلّة. كان ذلك سنة ١٥١٦. شهدت الكنيسة على تاريخ دير القمر العريق، ومذابح سنة ١٨٦٠ حيث خَلَّصت القدّيسة رفقا طفلًا من الموت بشكل عجائبيّ إذ خبّأته في ثوبها. هي كنيسة محجّ لكلّ أبناء المنطقة. معروفة بعجائبها الكثيرة وفضلها. تحوي الكنيسة على عدد كبير من اللّوحات والآثار الكنسيّة.

The Church of Our Lady Of Talleh - Deir el Qamar
The church was originally a pagan temple for a moon deity, then converted into a church by the hermit Abraham of Cyr. It was restored by the Byzantines and the Teutonian knights. The church fell into despair after the Crusaders left, up until the sixteenth century, when local christians found the historical frontal stone and named their church Our Lady of the Hilll, it was consacrated in 1516. The church is a witness on the long history of Deir el Qamar and the massacres of 1860 when St Rafqa shielded a boy miraculously with her habit. The church is a pilgrimage site known for miraculous healings. It also contains a lot of paintings and church furnishings.

انطوش ولوحات كنيسة سيّدة التلّة - دير القمر.
سنة ١٧٥٠، وهبت الستّ أمّون، والدة الأمير يوسف المعنيّ للرهبانيّة الحلبيّة اللبنانيّة، أربعة أقبية والدكاكين الموجودة فوقها والتي تقع الى جانب الكنيسة، من اجل تعليم الأولاد وفائدة الشعب الروحيّة. فأقامت الرهبانيّة أوّل مدرسة ديموقراطيّة في الشرق حيث كان يتعلّم مجّانًا أولاد الأمراء الى جانب أولاد الفلّاحين، من دروز ومسيحييّن، من بنين وبنات، على إثر قرار المجمع اللبنانيّ سنة ١٧٣٦. سنة ١٩٠١، أُعيد بناء الأنطوش. سنة ١٩٣٧، جرى أوّل إحتفال رسميّ بمناسبة عيد سيّدة التلّة في الأحد الاوّل من شهر آب، وذلك بمنشور صادر عن راعي الابرشيّة آنذاك المطران أوغسطين البستاني.

The Presbytery and the paintings of Our Lady of Talleh - Deir el Kamar
In 1750 Lady Amoun of house Maan, mother of Prince Yousef, gave the Alepine Maronite Order four crypts and some commercial stores near the church to convert them into a school and provide spiritual assistance for the locals. The new school was the first democratic school in the Levant, teaching for the first time students from all backgrounds: Christians Druze, nobles peasants, boys and girls, in accordance with the precepts of the Lebanese council held in 1736. The presbytery was rebuilt in 1901. In 1937 a new feast day of Our Lady of Talleh was celebrated for the first time on the first Sunday of august.

Saint Elie church- كنيسة مار الياس, Aaqoura, Lebanon

Name in arabic:  كنيسة مار الياس

City:  Aaqoura

District:  Jbeil

Governorate:  Mount Lebanon

History: 

كنيسة مار الياس - العاقورة

هي كنيسة صغيرة مسقوفة بُنيت أواخر القرن التاسع عشر، زُخرف بابها وأُضيفت لها القبّة في خمسينيّات القرن العشرين، رُمّمت وأخذت شكلها الحاليّ سنة ٢٠١٦.

The church of St Elijah - Aaqoura

The church is a small roofed structure built in the late XIXth century. During the mid XXth century the main door was decorated with arabesques and a bell tower was added to the structure. It was restored and took its current form in 2016.